Bull City Parks

Sources

Every bracketed number on this site points to an entry below. Research last reviewed November 12, 2026.

  1. 1.City DPR: Soil & Property Testing hubhttps://www.dprplaymore.org/516/Soil-Property-Testing
  2. 2.NCDEQ: Durham parks pre-regulatory landfill file index and site IDshttps://www.deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/waste-management/superfund-section/inactive-hazardous-sites-program/pre-regulatory-landfill-program/durham-parks-pre-regulatory-landfill-sites
  3. 3.City DPR: Project Backgroundhttps://www.dprplaymore.org/540/Project-Background
  4. 4.City DPR: Latest Updates (through October 2026)https://www.dprplaymore.org/620/Latest-Updates
  5. 5.Oct. 19, 2026 Durham City Council action agenda (item 10)https://cityordinances.durhamnc.gov/OnBaseAgendaOnline/Documents/ViewAgenda?doctype=1&meetingId=765
  6. 6.INDY Week: A1 Consulting and separate East End project (Oct. 20, 2026)https://indyweek.com/news/community/firm-will-study-lead-remediation-options-for-shuttered-durham-parks/
  7. 7.City memo: Replacement Fencing at Pre-Regulatory Landfill Parks (Oct. 16, 2026)https://www.dprplaymore.org/DocumentCenter/View/4130/Memo_PRLP-Fencing-Update-Oct-2026
  8. 8.Durham Contaminated Parks Advocacy Network (DCPAN)https://dcpan.org/
  9. 9.NC Health News: Environmental justice and regional effects (Aug. 12, 2026)https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2026/08/12/former-landfill-sites-limbo-closed-parks-environmental-justice/
  10. 10.WRAL: Early knowledge and communication investigation (July 19, 2023)https://www.wral.com/archive/20962261/
  11. 11.City DPR: Reports & Summaries (waste delineation; playground reports; 2023 assessment)https://www.dprplaymore.org/541/Reports-Summaries
  12. 12.City DPR: Public Health and Durham County LEAPhttps://www.dprplaymore.org/542/Public-Health
  13. 13.CDC: Childhood lead exposure preventionhttps://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/
  14. 14.EPA: Residential Soil Lead Directive (Oct. 2025)https://www.epa.gov/superfund/residential-soil-lead-directive-cercla-sites-and-rcra-hazardous-waste-cleanup-facilities
  15. 15.WUNC: Historical siting and park-access impacts (Feb. 20, 2026)https://www.wunc.org/politics/2026-02-20/east-durham-contaminated-parks-lead-cleanup-closed
  16. 16.NC Health News: SoilSHOP discussion and local impact (Aug. 12, 2026)https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2026/08/12/former-landfill-sites-limbo-closed-parks-environmental-justice/
  17. 17.Northgate Park Neighborhood Association issue archivehttps://northgateparknc.org/lead-in-the-parks/
  18. 18.NCDEQ: August 2023 independent assessment report (Mid-Atlantic)https://www.deq.nc.gov/waste-management/dwm/sf/regulatory-landfill-program-files/city-durham-parks-mid-atlantic-report-soil-assessment-august-2023/download?attachment=
  19. 19.Spectrum News: October 2026 consultant approvalhttps://spectrumlocalnews.com/nc/charlotte/news-all-day/2026/10/29/nc-landfill-audit-durham-parks
  20. 20.ISA TreesAreGood: Treatment of Trees Damaged by Construction (air excavation and construction impacts)https://www.treesaregood.org/Portals/0/TreesAreGood_Treatment%20of%20Trees%20Damaged%20by%20Construction_0321.pdf
  21. 21.US EPA: A Citizen's Guide to Excavation of Contaminated Soilhttps://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPURL.cgi?Dockey=P100F9WK.TXT
  22. 22.US EPA: Green Remediation Best Management Practices for Excavation and Surface Restorationhttps://19january2021snapshot.epa.gov/remedytech/green-remediation-best-management-practices-excavation-and-surface-restoration_.html

How we handle facts

Statistics and government commitments carry a source and a date. We distinguish restricted facilities from park-wide closures, and announced plans from completed work. Waste boundaries aren’t the same thing as exposure boundaries, and screening values aren’t universal legal limits. When a deadline slips, the old date stays on the record alongside the new one. For contracts, budgets, maps, and statements of city policy, we cite the official document over the news story about it.